Содержание
1 МИНИСТЕРСТВО ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЯ РЕСПУБЛИКИ БЕЛАРУСЬ
1 SKIN DISEASES AND SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
1 Рекомендовано Учебно-методическим объединением по высшему медицинскому, фармацевтическому образованию Республики Беларусь в качестве пособия для студентов учреждений высшего образования, обучающихся по специальности 1-79 01 01 «Лечебное дело»
1 Витебск 2016
3 I. THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE SKIN, HAIR AND NAILS 6
3 II. Dermatologic Terminology 22
3 III. DIAGNOSING SKIN DISEASE 33
3 IV. BASICS OF MEDICAL THERAPY IN DERMATOLOGY 42
3 V. FUNGAL INFECTIONS 61
3 VI. INFLAMMATORY DERMATOSES 99
3 VII. ATOPIC DERMATITIS AND RELATED DISORDERS 127
4 VIII. PAPULOSQUAMOUS DISEASES 170
4 IX. BACTERIAL INFECTIONS 194
4 Х. BULLOUS DISEASES 202
4 XI. MYCOBACTERIAL INFECTIONS 220
4 XII. PARASITIC INFECTIONS 236
4 XIII. VIRAL INFECTIONS 255
4 XIV. CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES 280
4 XV. DISEASES OF THE ADNEXA 290
4 XVI. DISEASES OF THE VESSELS 303
5 XVII. WORK-RELATED SKIN DISEASES 325
5 XVIII. LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS 339
5 XIX. HEREDITARY DERMATOSES 345
5 XX. SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES 369
6 I. THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE SKIN, HAIR AND NAILS
6 The skin is one of the largest organs in the body. It has a surface area of 1.8 m2 and makes up approximately 16% of our body weight. More importantly, the skin is a window through which the physician can "see" the entire body.
6 The skin is often referred to as the "integumentary system" composed of epithelial, mesenchymal, glandular and neurovascular components. Specifically, the integumentary system consists of the skin and its derivatives such as
6 The skin can also be divided into three main functional areas
6 1) Epidermis
6 2) Dermis
6 3) Skin Appendages
6 - Eccrine Sweat Gland
6 - Apocrine Sweat Gland
6 - Sebaceous Gland
6 - Hair Follicle
6 - Nails
6 Based on the thickness of the epidermis, skin can also be classified as thick or thin
6 1) Thick skin covers our palms and soles. It has sweat glands, but lacks hair follicles, arrector pili muscles, and sebaceous glands.
6 2) Thin skincovers most of the rest of the body. It contains hair follicles, arrector pili muscles, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands.
6 The epidermis is a stratified squamous epithelium that mainly serves as a protective barrier. The epidermis is about 0.1 mm thick, but on the palms and soles the thickness can be greater (0.8-1.4 mm). It has four well-defined layers (Fig.1.2). The pr
7 Keratinocytes are produced by cell division in the deepest basal layer of the epidermis, the so-called stratum basale. In the process ofmaturation and differentiation they move progressively to the skin surface finally producing the surface layer of
7 The keratinocyte “transit” time, from the beginning of normal differentiation to the final shedding from the surface, is in the order of 50-70 days. The loss of cells from the surface is matched by production in the basal layer so that epidermis thic
8 Fig.1.2. Four Main Layers of the Epidermis
8 1) BASAL CELL LAYER (STRATUM BASALE)
9 3) GRANULAR CELL LAYER (STRATUM GRANULOSUM)
9 In this layer, cells become flattened and lose their nuclei. Their cytoplasm contains numerous darkly staining particles known as keratohyalin granules. Also present in the cytoplasm of cells in the granular layer are organelles known as lamellar gr
9 4) HORNY LAYER (STRATUM CORNEUM)
10 The basement membrane zone, also called the dermo-epidermal junction, is the narrow, but multilayered, structure lying between the epidermis and the dermis and supplies the cohesion between these two layers. This cohesion may be damaged by genetic de
11 Beneath the dermis, a layer of subcutaneous fat separates the skin from underlying fascia and muscle (Fig.1.4). This subcutaneous layer consists of loose connective tissue and fat transversed by nerves and blood vessels. It can be up to 3 cm thick o
11 Fig.1.4.The subcutis consists of loose connective tissue and fat transversed by nerves and blood vessels
22 II. Dermatologic Terminology
24 • Atrophy
33 III. DIAGNOSING SKIN DISEASE
42 IV. BASICS OF MEDICAL THERAPY IN DERMATOLOGY
61 V. FUNGAL INFECTIONS
99 VI. INFLAMMATORY DERMATOSES
127 VII. ATOPIC DERMATITIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
170 VIII. PAPULOSQUAMOUS DISEASES
184 8.2. Lichen Planus
194 IX. BACTERIAL INFECTIONS
202 Х. BULLOUS DISEASES
218 Histologic Findings.The histopathologic examination demonstrates a subepidermal blister. The inflammatory infiltrate is typically polymorphous, with an eosinophil predominance. Mast cells and basophils may be prominent early in the disease course. Le
220 XI. MYCOBACTERIAL INFECTIONS
236 XII. PARASITIC INFECTIONS
255 XIII. VIRAL INFECTIONS
280 XIV. CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES
290 XV. DISEASES OF THE ADNEXA
303 XVI. DISEASES OF THE VESSELS
325 XVII. WORK-RELATED SKIN DISEASES
339 XVIII. LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS
345 XIX. HEREDITARY DERMATOSES
369 XX. SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
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Skin Diseases and Sexually Transmitted Infections

Автор: Адаскевич В. П.
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